防爆(bao)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)的(de)適(shi)用范圍石油(you)精煉(lian)和(he)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、煤礦、油(you)田、氣化(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、火藥(yao)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、化(hua)(hua)纖工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、油(you)漆工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、肥料工(gong)業(ye)(ye)、各種藥(yao)品工(gong)業(ye)(ye)。石油(you)輪和(he)液化(hua)(hua)石油(you)氣的(de)車(che)輛、飛機、經(jing)營(ying)易燃易爆(bao)品的(de)倉庫、電解車(che)間(jian)、通訊機裝配車(che)間(jian)、要求工(gong)具(ju)(ju)不生銹、抗磁的(de)場所(suo)等。

敲擊梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)、敲擊六角扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)、彎柄(bing)敲擊梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)、彎柄(bing)敲擊六角扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)、直柄(bing)凸型敲擊梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)、彎柄(bing)凸型敲擊梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)。

敲擊呆(dai)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、單頭(tou)呆(dai)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、撬棒呆(dai)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、直柄梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、彎柄梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、撬棒梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、雙(shuang)頭(tou)呆(dai)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、雙(shuang)頭(tou)梅花(hua)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、兩用扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、可調勾型(xing)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、勾扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、活(huo)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、C型(xing)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、單頭(tou)開桶扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、雙(shuang)頭(tou)開桶扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、開桶扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、F型(xing)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、方頭(tou)F型(xing)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、防滑(hua)F型(xing)扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)、加強爪型(xing)閥門扳(ban)(ban)(ban)手(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。

美式(shi)管子鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、英式(shi)管子鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、輕型鏈子鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、皮帶鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、斷線鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、胡(hu)桃鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、水泵鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、鯉魚鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、鎖緊鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、克絲鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、扁嘴鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、尖(jian)嘴鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、斜口鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)、擋圈鉗(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)（內外）。

八(ba)角錘(chui)(chui)、德式(shi)八(ba)角錘(chui)(chui)、除銹錘(chui)(chui)、奶頭錘(chui)(chui)、機械(xie)錘(chui)(chui)、羊角錘(chui)(chui)、檢驗錘(chui)(chui)、扁尾(wei)檢驗錘(chui)(chui)、起釘(ding)錘(chui)(chui)。斧、斧子、鎬頭、砧子、線(xian)錘(chui)(chui)、、一字(zi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、十(shi)字(zi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、敲擊螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、夾(jia)柄(bing)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、T型螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、雙頭螺(luo)(luo)(luo)絲(si)刀、錐子、手用(yong)穿針(zhen)、聽針(zhen)、鋸(ju)弓子、鋸(ju)條、雞尾(wei)鋸(ju)、撬棍，組合工具(ju)。

防爆工(gong)(gong)具(ju)統(tong)稱“工(gong)(gong)具(ju)”和“無火花工(gong)(gong)具(ju)”，國(guo)內統(tong)稱“防爆工(gong)(gong)具(ju)”。在國(guo)內生(sheng)產、銷售、流通的防爆工(gong)(gong)具(ju)以材質區分可分為兩(liang)大(da)類：

1、鋁(lv)銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)（俗稱鋁(lv)青銅(tong)）防(fang)爆工(gong)具(ju)，具(ju)體(ti)材(cai)質是(shi)以高(gao)純度電解銅(tong)為基體(ti)加入適量鋁(lv)、鎳、錳、鐵等(deng)金(jin)屬，組成銅(tong)基合(he)金(jin)。

2、鈹青(qing)銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)（俗稱鈹青(qing)銅(tong)）防爆(bao)工具，具體(ti)材質是以高純度電(dian)解銅(tong)為基(ji)體(ti)加入適量鈹、鎳(nie)等(deng)金(jin)屬，組成(cheng)銅(tong)基(ji)合(he)金(jin)。這兩種材質的導(dao)熱、導(dao)電(dian)性(xing)能都非常好。

防爆工具以制造工藝(yi)區分(fen)也可分(fen)為兩大類：

1、鑄造工藝(yi)：屬傳(chuan)統(tong)制造工藝(yi)，是上世(shi)紀(ji)80年代通用(yong)制造防爆工具工藝(yi)技術，在(zai)國內大多(duo)數防爆工具生產企業(ye)一直延用(yong)至今。鑄造工藝(yi)優點：工藝(yi)簡單、制造成本低(di)。缺(que)點:產品密度(du)、硬度(du)、抗拉(la)強度(du)、扭力較低(di)，氣(qi)孔(kong)、沙眼(yan)較多(duo)導致產品使用(yong)壽命較短。

2、鍛造工藝(yi)：新制(zhi)造工藝(yi)，是利用大型(xing)壓(ya)力機或沖床(chuang)，配合高耐熱成形模(mo)具一次(ci)性鍛壓(ya)制(zhi)成。鍛造工藝(yi)優點：能使產品(pin)密度(du)、硬度(du)、抗拉強度(du)、扭(niu)力大大提高，基本(ben)(ben)氣孔、沙眼，使產品(pin)機械性能使用壽命比傳統(tong)鑄造工藝(yi)長1倍左右。缺點：產品(pin)設備(bei)、模(mo)具投資較大，致使成本(ben)(ben)較高。

防爆工具使用保養：

1、防爆工具為我(wo)們(men)工作在那(nei)些易燃易爆和易腐蝕的(de)(de)工作場所的(de)(de)工作人員帶來了的(de)(de)保障，這(zhe)使(shi)我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)社會加完善，也使(shi)我(wo)們(men)的(de)(de)工作人員工作得(de)加放心。

防爆工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)在(zai)我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)日常工(gong)(gong)(gong)作使用(yong)完畢后(hou)，應該有一個妥(tuo)當的(de)維護(hu)階段，對于工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)的(de)壽命是有十分關鍵作用(yong)的(de)，因為如果對防爆工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)的(de)維護(hu)不(bu)妥(tuo)當就有可以使我(wo)(wo)們(men)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)不(bu)能長久地(di)為我(wo)(wo)們(men)服務(wu)。先我(wo)(wo)們(men)要把(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)放在(zai)干燥的(de)地(di)方保(bao)存，這是為了能使工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)部(bu)分部(bu)件(jian)不(bu)要受(shou)損。

在我(wo)們的日常工(gong)作(zuo)中連(lian)(lian)續(xu)(xu)敲擊20次后應該對工(gong)具(ju)的表面附著物進(jin)行處理(li)，揩(kai)凈后再做(zuo)使(shi)用，千萬不要連(lian)(lian)續(xu)(xu)使(shi)用，以免因為長(chang)時間地處于摩擦會(hui)使(shi)工(gong)具(ju)受熱，這樣會(hui)有可能損壞我(wo)們的工(gong)具(ju)產品。

2、使(shi)用后要揩凈表(biao)面污穢和(he)積物，放(fang)置干燥的地方保存(cun)。

3、敲擊類工(gong)具產(chan)品，不可(ke)連續(xu)(xu)打擊，超(chao)過十次(ci)應有適當間(jian)歇，同時要及時產(chan)品部位(wei)粘(zhan)著的碎屑后再繼(ji)續(xu)(xu)使用。

4、扳(ban)手(shou)類產品不(bu)可(ke)超力(li)使用(yong)，不(bu)能用(yong)套管(guan)或綁縛其它金屬(shu)棒料(liao)加長力(li)臂，以及用(yong)錘敲擊(ji)（敲擊(ji)扳(ban)手(shou)除外）的方法(fa)旋(xuan)紐緊固件之(zhi)用(yong)。

5、刃(ren)口(kou)類工具應放在水槽內輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)接(jie)觸砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)進行刃(ren)磨，不可用力(li)過(guo)猛和(he)接(jie)觸砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)時間過(guo)長。

6、在敲砸類工具實際操作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)，現場雜物和工作(zuo)(zuo)面腐(fu)蝕的氧化物，防止(zhi)第三者撞擊。

根據以上(shang)性能(neng)及使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，說明在正(zheng)常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過程中鋁銅合金較適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)常壓設備(bei)及防爆(bao)條件要(yao)求不太嚴格的環境（如(ru)加油站、小型油庫等(deng)）。而鈹銅合金防爆(bao)工(gong)具性能(neng)的適用(yong)(yong)性（如(ru)煉(lian)油廠、轉氣(qi)(qi)站、采氣(qi)(qi)廠、鉆井隊等(deng)）。

7、各種產品使用(yong)前要表(biao)面油污，按鋼制工具參(can)照(zhao)說明書(shu)使用(yong)。

防爆工具都有(you)哪些(xie)材(cai)質組成？

鈹(pi)青銅，鈹(pi)青銅是以(yi)鈹(pi)為基本合金元素的鋼基臺金，其含鈹(pi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為1—2.5%。同時含有微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)鈷(gu)、鎂、鐵以(yi)及其他微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)元素。

鈹青銅在高(gao)(gao)速沖擊或高(gao)(gao)速摩擦時(shi)，其機械(xie)能(neng)在作用到(dao)(dao)物體表面(mian)時(shi)被轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)熱(re)(re)能(neng)，表面(mian)溫度突然(ran)升高(gao)(gao)。但(dan)由于其材料有(you)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)導電性能(neng)和導熱(re)(re)串，工(gong)作表面(mian)的(de)熱(re)(re)量被迅(xun)速傳(chuan)遞到(dao)(dao)工(gong)件的(de)其他部位，工(gong)作表面(mian)的(de)熱(re)(re)量劇烈(lie)減少．一些(xie)在沖擊或摩擦作用下脫(tuo)離工(gong)件的(de)微(wei)粒，其溫度也達不到(dao)(dao)點(dian)火源的(de)溫度。

鈹青銅金(jin)屬(shu)間的(de)化(hua)合物均(jun)較穩定，且熔點(dian)(dian)高(gao)，不(bu)(bu)易(yi)劇烈氧(yang)化(hua)。在(zai)高(gao)速沖擊或(huo)摩(mo)擦時(shi)，被作用表面或(huo)者一些脫離下(xia)來的(de)微粒的(de)溫(wen)度雖有所升(sheng)高(gao)，但都不(bu)(bu)能與(yu)氧(yang)氣(qi)及其他可燃氣(qi)體發生劇烈的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)反(fan)應，形不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)點(dian)(dian)火源(yuan)。該材(cai)料廣泛用于某些特(te)殊場合下(xia)重要零部件和防爆(bao)工(gong)具(ju)的(de)制(zhi)造上(shang)。

鋁青銅，它的(de)(de)導熱(re)(re)性很好(hao)，在(zai)與其他物(wu)體摩擦碰(peng)撞(zhuang)時所產生的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)大部(bu)分(fen)被工具(ju)所吸收而(er)散去．磨(mo)削(xue)下的(de)(de)微粒所具(ju)有的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)量較低(di)，不(bu)會引起(qi)空氣與可(ke)燃物(wu)質混合(he)物(wu)的(de)(de)爆炸。

J892銅合(he)金，J892銅合(he)金防(fang)爆工(gong)具適用于各(ge)類各(ge)級爆炸性氣(qi)體場合(he)使用。一般生產中，J892銅合(he)金材料處理后硬度(du)比鈹青銅材料還要(yao)偏高，接(jie)近于鋼制工(gong)具產品的(de)硬度(du)。

目前J892銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)的韌性還不能(neng)達(da)到(dao)鋼制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)的水平，所以使(shi)用(yong)中對J892銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)防爆工(gong)(gong)具(ju)不能(neng)做超載荷(he)使(shi)用(yong)，不能(neng)對扳手加套管(guan)以延長(chang)力臂(bei)或在柄部用(yong)錘作敲擊作業。不能(neng)將(jiang)J892銅(tong)合(he)金(jin)防爆工(gong)(gong)具(ju)與(yu)酸，堿(jian)等腐蝕(shi)性物(wu)品(pin)混放，以免腐蝕(shi)。